1865

Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee surrendered his army to Union Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Court House in Virginia after four years of Civil War.

1939

Marian Anderson performed a concert at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C., after the Black singer was denied the use of Constitution Hall by the Daughters of the American Revolution.

1942

During World War II, some 75,000 Philippine and American soldiers surrendered to Japanese troops, ending the Battle of Bataan. The prisoners of war were subsequently forced to march 65 miles to POW camps in what is now known as the Bataan Death March.

1959

NASA introduced the “Mercury Seven,” its first seven astronauts: Scott Carpenter, Gordon Cooper, John Glenn, Gus Grissom, Wally Schirra, Alan Shepard and Donald “Deke” Slayton.

2003

Baghdad fell to American troops during the Iraq War after six days of fighting.

Birthdays

Satirist-musician Tom Lehrer is 97. Actor Michael Learned is 86. Actor Dennis Quaid is 71. Actor Cynthia Nixon is 59. Actor Keshia Knight Pulliam is 46. Actor Jay Baruchel is 43. Actor Leighton Meester is 39. Actor Kristen Stewart is 35. Actor Elle Fanning is 27. Rapper Lil Nas X is 26. Singer Jackie Evancho is 24.