Q: I eat fairly healthy, but I want to lose weight and improve my physical wellness. I’m finding a lot of conflicting information about the best workouts for weight loss, the amount of time I need to work out and what food I should eat. Can you help me make sense of it?

A: Being proactive to achieve long-term health and wellness is important, and you should be proud of your efforts to set fitness goals and develop routines.

Here is the truth about the top 10 workout myths that you should consider.

Myth 1: Stick solely to cardio for weight loss. While it’s true that you should include 20 to 30 minutes of cardio in your workout routine, focusing solely on cardio will not transform your body as quickly or as dramatically as you might think. You need to incorporate cardio and strength training into your workout. Strength training builds muscles and maximizes your cardio routine. The more muscle you have, the more calories your body will burn.

Myth 2: Heavy weights will bulk you up. Some people are concerned that adding strength training will build muscle to the point that they will look like a bodybuilder. This is not true. You would have to work out excessively to do so. Start slow and add weight to build muscle, which will maximize the calories your body will burn.

Myth 3: If you work out today, you can be lax in your diet. Working out is important, but so is having good nutrition. Food is fuel, and proper nutrition guarantees results. If you want to lose weight, your calorie output needs to be higher than your calorie input.

Myth 4: Stretching helps prevent injuries. While stretching is beneficial, there is no proven research that it will reduce your chances of getting an injury. That’s entirely based on your form and movements during a workout.

Myth 5: If the number on the scale isn’t going down, you’re not losing weight. The number on the scale is a factor of many things, including how much water you’ve consumed, what you ate and when you’re weighing in. Often when a person loses a significant amount of weight, the number on the scale goes up because of building muscle from exercise. If you want to accurately track your weight loss and muscle development, record measurements of your arms, waist and thighs. Also, weigh yourself at the same time every day.

Myth 6: Cardio machines count burned calories with 100% accuracy. This metric isn’t 100% accurate. Many factors determine how many calories your body burns, including your sex, age and current weight. Some machines allow you to enter personalized data in one or two of these factors but rarely all three.

Myth 7: Sticking to ab workouts will give you a six-pack. Abdominal workouts are great for developing core muscles because they benefit your body in many ways. However, a person’s overall body fat prevents abs from being seen. If you want six-pack abs, you have to decrease your body fat to 10% to 12% for men or 11% to 13% for women.

Myth 8: Supplements and protein shakes are necessary after workouts. Supplements and protein shakes are not necessary. The benefits they offer are available from natural and direct food sources, such as chocolate milk, turkey or a scoop of peanut butter. If you consume protein-rich foods after a workout, do so within 30 minutes. That’s when your muscles absorb that energy, as they’re still burning and working.

Myth 9: If you’re not working up a sweat, you’re not working hard enough. Sweating is an inaccurate way to measure your workout. Many factors go into the amount a person sweats, such as the temperature, humidity and hydration levels.

Myth 10: No pain, no gain. While feeling uncomfortable during a workout is normal, feeling pain is not. If you start to feel pain during a workout, stop immediately. If you push through it, you could end up with a serious injury.

— David Webster, Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic Health System in Eau Claire, Wisconsin

Mayo Clinic Q&A is an educational resource and doesn’t replace regular medical care. Email questions to MayoClinicQ&A@mayo.edu.