1777

British troops occupied Philadelphia during the American Revolution.

1954

The Japanese commercial ferry Toya Maru sank during a typhoon in the Tsugaru Strait, claiming more than 1,150 lives.

1960

The first debate between presidential nominees took place as Democrat John F. Kennedy and Republican Richard M. Nixon faced off before a national TV audience from Chicago.

1990

The Motion Picture Association of America announced it had created a new rating, NC-17, to replace the X rating.

2020

President Donald Trump nominated Judge Amy Coney Barrett, a former clerk to the late Justice Antonin Scalia, to the Supreme Court, to fill the seat left vacant by the death of Ruth Bader Ginsburg. (Barrett would be confirmed the following month.)

Birthdays

Country singer David Frizzell is 83. Television host Anne Robinson is 80. Singer Bryan Ferry is 79. Author Jane Smiley is 75. Singer-guitarist Cesar Rosas (Los Lobos) is 70. Actor Linda Hamilton is 68. Actor Melissa Sue Anderson is 62. Actor Jim Caviezel is 56. Singer Shawn Stockman (Boyz II Men) is 52. Hockey Hall of Famers Daniel and Henrik Sedin are 44. Tennis player Serena Williams is 43. Singer-actor Christina Milian is 43. Actor Zoe Perry is 41.