1798

Congress passed the Sedition Act, making it a federal crime to publish false, scandalous or malicious writing about the United States government.

1881

Outlaw William H. Bonney Jr., alias “Billy the Kid,” was shot and killed by Sheriff Pat Garrett in Fort Sumner in present-day New Mexico.

1933

All German political parties, except the Nazi Party, were outlawed by the government of Nazi Germany.

1945

Italy formally declared war on Japan, its former Axis partner during World War II.

1960

26-year-old Jane Goodall first arrived at the Gombe Stream Reserve in present-day Tanzania to begin her study of the wild chimpanzees living there.

2004

The Senate scuttled a constitutional amendment banning gay marriage. (Forty-eight senators voted to advance the measure — 12 short of the 60 needed — and 50 voted to block it.)

Birthdays

Actor Vincent Pastore (TV” “The Sopranos”) is 79. Actor Jane Lynch is 65. Hip-hop musician Taboo (Black Eyed Peas) is 50. Actor/writer/producer Phoebe Waller-Bridge is 39. Rock singer Dan Reynolds (Imagine Dragons) is 38. MMA fighter Conor McGregor is 37.