HONG KONG>> As President Donald Trump uses tariffs as a weapon in his quest to even the score on trade with the world, Asia is emerging as target No. 1. And it’s not just because of China.

Asia is home to seven countries that run the biggest trade surpluses with the United States, Trump’s go-to yardstick. It has some of the biggest exporters of goods that Trump promised to tax, like Japanese and South Korean cars, Taiwanese chips and Indian drugs. Many of the region’s countries have become top destinations for Chinese goods and investment, evidence that Trump cites to accuse China of using a backdoor into the U.S. market.

Trump’s plan to upend the rules of world trade could hurt Asia because the region relies so much on the global economy. But it will also scramble supply chains and trade flows that are already undergoing change as companies have sought alternatives to China as the source of their goods.

The result could be a domino effect of protectionism, with countries turning inward and raising tariffs in response to U.S. trade barriers, experts said. The upheaval could also generate a new cast of regional alliances and ultimately a reduction in the importance of the United States in trade with Asia.

“There is a risk that the U.S. really overplays its leverage,” said Simon Evenett, a professor at IMD Business School in Switzerland. “The U.S. market is still the biggest in the world, but proportionally, it is lower than it was 20 years ago.”

Since taking office a month ago, Trump has enacted a 10% tariff on imports from China and is poised in coming weeks to add wider import taxes of 25% or higher on cars, steel and aluminum, semiconductors, pharmaceuticals and lumber. He is also holding tariffs over Mexico and Canada, both of which have been stitched into U.S. trade for decades by treaties, most recently by one signed by Trump in his first term.

Most strikingly, Trump has also promised “reciprocal tariffs,” which typically refer to one-for-one taxes on individual countries. He has said he will also base those tariffs on other factors that he says hurt the United States, such as a country’s currency exchange rates, tax policies and domestic subsidies to business.

The damage, economists warn, would be severe. Tariffs that have been announced on autos, semiconductors, energy and pharmaceuticals account for a quarter of the total exports from Asia, according to Morgan Stanley. Economic growth in the region will slow to 3.7% this year from 4% last year, according to Moody’s.

The outcome of Trump’s threat of “reciprocal tariffs” is less certain, because his proposal is potentially so far-reaching and depends on which misdemeanors the administration chooses to hone in on for any particular country.

The United States last year placed China, Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan and Vietnam on a watch list of countries believed to be manipulating their currencies, typically by keeping them low to bolster their exports at the expense of the United States, which last year imported a record $1.2 trillion more than it exported.

Indonesia, Japan and Malaysia have tariffs on imported goods in certain sectors that are higher than U.S. tariffs on those same goods. When it comes to Chinese investment in another Asian country, Vietnam sticks out. It has been one of the world’s biggest beneficiaries of factories moving out of China in recent years.

Some countries are responding by trying to soften the blow and, in some cases, lay the groundwork for deals with Washington. Vietnam has floated the possibility of importing more U.S. soybeans and other agricultural products. India has cut its tariffs on bourbon. In South Korea, the government pledged $249.3 billion of trade financing to help its exporters that are hit by tariffs.