WASHINGTON — Parents with religious objections to storybooks with LGBTQ+ themes may withdraw their children from public schools when the books are discussed, the Supreme Court ruled Friday.

Ruling in a case brought by Maryland parents who objected to books with gay and transgender characters, Justice Samuel A. Alito Jr. closely analyzed the messages the books conveyed, reproducing color images from them in an appendix to his opinion, and noted that they were written for young readers.

But the logic of Alito’s majority opinion in the 6-3 decision seemed to sweep quite broadly, allowing parents with religious objections to demand that their children not be instructed about gay and transgender themes or other topics.

Indeed, some legal scholars said the ruling would have broad consequences for the ability of public schools to manage their curricula. In earlier cases, parents unsuccessfully challenged storybooks about wizards and giants along with course materials on yoga, evolution and women working outside the home. Under Alito’s reasoning, legal experts said, those lawsuits might now succeed.

Justice Sonia Sotomayor announced her dissent from the bench, a rare move and a sign of profound disagreement.

In her written dissent, joined by Justices Elena Kagan and Ketanji Brown Jackson, she wrote that public schools “offer to children of all faiths and backgrounds an education and an opportunity to practice living in our multicultural society.”

“That experience,” she added, “is critical to our nation’s civic vitality. Yet it will become a mere memory if children must be insulated from exposure to ideas and concepts that may conflict with their parents’ religious beliefs.”

Justin Driver, a law professor at Yale University, said the decision was deeply problematic.

“This decision succeeds in opening Pandora’s box in countless classrooms located in our nation’s public schools,” he said. “It unwisely grants parents and students the authority to, in effect, veto individual school lessons and assignments, thereby wreaking educational havoc.”