During Tuesday night’s presidential debate, former President Donald Trump used claims about Minnesota abortion laws to rail against Vice President Kamala Harris and running mate Gov. Tim Walz’s record on the issue.

Asked by ABC News moderator Linsey Davis why he should be trusted on the issue of abortion rights after appointing justices to the Supreme Court who overturned Roe v. Wade, Trump accused Walz of having an extreme stance on abortion.

“Her vice presidential pick says abortion in the ninth month is absolutely fine,” Trump said. “He also says execution after birth, it’s execution, no longer abortion, because the baby is born, is OK. And that’s not OK with me.”Davis immediately noted there is nowhere in the U.S. where it is legal to kill babies after they are born. And though Walz has never specifically expressed approval for abortion late in pregnancy, as Trump seemed to imply, Walz did sign a bill removing viability restrictions from Minnesota abortion law in 2023.

The Democratic-Farmer-Labor governor approved that change as part of a broader health budget bill that also eliminated other abortion restrictions including a 24-hour wait period, parental notification requirement for minors, and a requirement for abortions to be performed in a hospital after the first trimester.

A top priority for DFLers after the 2022 overturning of federal abortion protections from Roe was to bolster existing protections in Minnesota. Early in 2023, Walz signed into law a bill enshrining the right to abortion into state law and later signed off on the health bill with the other statutory tweaks.

The bills mostly bolstered protections already set up by past court rulings, including the 1995 Minnesota Supreme Court decision Doe v. Gomez, which protected the right to an abortion and prevented the state from blocking tax dollars for abortion.

Abortion rights were protected, and the viability restriction and others were already unenforceable due to past court decisions, but advocates wanted the language removed to bring more clarity to state abortion law. They argue abortions late in pregnancy are extremely rare and only done in extreme circumstances.

Public health data show late-term abortions are extremely rare in Minnesota and across the U.S., and almost never happen in the final months of pregnancy. The vast majority happen early in pregnancy. Nationally, more than 93% occur at or before the 13th week, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Of the 12,175 abortions performed in Minnesota in 2022, two happened between weeks 25 and 30 of pregnancy, according to an annual report from the Minnesota Department of Health. Some abortions have happened at week 31 or later — 11 between 2002 and 2022, state data show.

Under Minnesota’s old viability standard, whose enforceability was up for question after a 1976 federal court decision striking it down, a mother could only get an abortion after viability if it threatened her life or health.

Viability was not specifically defined in the law, though in medicine it’s typically set at 24 weeks — the sixth month of pregnancy.

Minnesota is one of several states, including Vermont and Oregon, that don’t have any restrictions on abortion tied to when a pregnancy started. Other states where abortion is still legal, such as New York and Pennsylvania, allow elective abortion up to 24 weeks.

Infanticide claims

Another change to state abortion law Walz and the DFL-controlled Legislature approved mostly eliminates the “Born Alive Infants Protection Act,” a 1976 law aimed at protecting and requiring medical care for those who are born during an attempted abortion.

The original 1976 law said: “A born alive infant as a result of an abortion shall be fully recognized as a human person, and accorded immediate protection under the law.”

More than 10,000 abortions happened in Minnesota in 2021, and five resulted in live births, according to the annual report from MDH. In two cases, the infant was pre-viable and there were no attempts to save their lives.

One had a fetal abnormality and died shortly after delivery. In two other cases, “comfort care” measures were provided “as planned” and the infant did not survive.

The 2023 change signed into law by Walz removed the “as a result of abortion” reference and a requirement to make efforts to “preserve the life and health of the born alive infant.”

Supporters say the change is designed to keep doctors from needing to give aid to infants who are unlikely to survive for medical reasons.

Anti-abortion groups have claimed that the change is tantamount to allowing infanticide — something that remains illegal under the law. But supporters say the laws were designed to prevent doctors from performing abortions and interfere with health care.