Russia appears to be moving ahead with a program to produce a ground-launched cruise missile despite the Obama administration’s protests that the weapon violates a landmark arms control agreement, according to US officials and lawmakers.

The concern goes beyond those raised by the United States in July 2014, when the Obama administration said that Russia had violated the 1987 treaty on Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces by conducting flight tests of the missile.

The INF accord, which was signed by President Reagan and his Soviet counterpart, Mikhail S. Gorbachev, bans the two nations from testing, producing, and possessing ground-launched ballistic or cruise missiles that are capable of flying 300 to 3,400 miles.

US officials are now expressing concerns that Russia is producing more missiles than are needed to sustain a flight-test program, spurring fears that the Kremlin is moving to build a force that could ultimately be deployed.

Information about the Russian program was provided by US officials on the condition of anonymity because they were discussing classified intelligence assessments.

Two prominent Republican lawmakers have also sent a letter to the White House asserting a deepening violation by Russia, but without providing details.

The State Department declined to discuss specifics of the issue.

After the charge was leveled two years ago, the Russians insisted that the United States provide more information about the allegation, and also responded with their own allegations — including charges that US armed drones violate the INF treaty.

To focus attention on the issue, the United States has called for a rare meeting of the Special Verification Commission, a body that was established by the INF treaty to deal with compliance.

Russia inherited the treaty obligations of the Soviet Union.

Other former Soviet states that also are a party to the treaty — Ukraine, Belarus, and Kazakhstan — will also send representatives to the meeting of the commission, its first since 2003.