NEW YORK — New York Police Department Detective Steven McDonald, who was paralyzed by a bullet in 1986 but publicly forgave the teenage shooter and became an international voice for peace, died Tuesday at age 59.

Detective McDonald had been hospitalized Friday on Long Island after suffering a heart attack and died there, the NYPD said.

‘‘No one could have predicted that Steven would touch so many people, in New York and around the world,’’ Commissioner James O’Neill said. ‘‘Like so many cops, Steven joined the NYPD to make a difference in people’s lives. And he accomplished that every day.’’

Detective McDonald was a stocky 29-year-old patrolman on July 12, 1986, when he spotted bicycle thief Shavod ‘‘Buddha’’ Jones and two other teenagers in Central Park. He moved to frisk one of them because he believed he had a weapon in his sock. The 15-year-old Jones pulled out a weapon of his own and shot Detective McDonald three times and left him for dead.

One bullet tore into the left side of the detective’s neck, followed by another to his wrist and a third that lodged behind his right eye. It was the first shot that splintered his spinal column, paralyzing him from the neck down.

Doctors told the detective’s wife, Patti, who was three months pregnant, that he wouldn’t live through the afternoon.

But his story had an unlikely ending: Detective McDonald believed what happened on that day was nothing less than God’s will, intended to turn him into a messenger of God’s word. On March 1, 1987, the day of their son’s baptism, he had his wife read a statement about his feelings toward the teen who crippled him. Detective McDonald, who had struggled with finding his new niche in life, knew what he had to say.

‘‘I forgive him and hope he can find peace and purpose in his life,’’ Detective McDonald said.

He never wavered from that stance.

In the years after the shooting, Detective McDonald became one of the world’s foremost pilgrims for peace. He took his message of forgiveness to Israel, to Northern Ireland, and to Bosnia.

‘‘I have my days when I’m not feeling well — emotionally, physically, spiritually,’’ he said in a 2006 interview at his Malverne home. ‘‘But it’s been a very, very active life.’’

In the first years after the shooting, he drew widespread attention, meeting with Pope John Paul II and Nelson Mandela. He did the David Letterman show and co-authored a book with his wife.

The New York Rangers set up the Steven McDonald Extra Effort Award in his name, and every season the team honored him and his family on the ice.

“Our friend. Our hero. Above and beyond,’’ the Rangers tweeted Tuesday.

The television cameras and media attention disappeared, but Detective McDonald’s commitment endured. He kept a busy schedule speaking at schools around the country, relentlessly retelling his story. Lifted into a modified van, he traveled to hundreds of appearances each year.

The archbishop of New York, Cardinal Timothy Dolan, called him ‘‘an icon of mercy and forgiveness, a prophet of the dignity of all human life.’’

The McDonalds’ son, Conor, joined the NYPD and became a sergeant last year. In 2007, Patti McDonald was elected mayor of Malverne, a quaint 1-square-mile suburban community of about 9,000 residents.

Jones, the teenage shooter, was sentenced to 10 years in prison for attempted murder and spent much of his time in prison getting into trouble. Detective McDonald reached out, sending him stationery and asking to start a dialogue. The two wrote letters for a while, but the correspondence ended when the detective turned down a request to help Jones’s family in seeking parole.

Detective McDonald dreamed that Jones would join him on the speaking tours, creating an unlikely tag team with a mutual message of peace. But shortly after Jones’s release from prison in 1995, he died in a motorcycle accident.