BRUSSELS — The European Union is taking six member states to court for exposing their citizens to too much air pollution.

The European Commission on Thursday referred Britain, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, and Romania to the EU’s highest Court of Justice, saying they failed to respect air quality limits and didn’t take appropriate action in time.

The commission also warned Britain, Germany, Italy, and Luxembourg for disregarding car approval rules.

Bas Eickhout of the Greens/EFA group in the European Parliament said that ‘‘it is shameful that some of Europe’s wealthiest countries are dragging their heels on protecting their citizens’ health.’’

In Germany, the EU’s biggest economy, the decision adds to pressure on the government after a national court ruled in February that cities can ban diesel cars and trucks to combat air pollution.

Chancellor Angela Merkel’s government has scrambled to reassure drivers it would seek to prevent such drastic measures by pushing other ways to reduce urban pollution.

Merkel dismissed the suggestion that the government hasn’t done enough to comply with air quality requirements.

associated press