HAMBURG, Germany — World leaders struck a compromise Saturday to move forward collectively on climate change without the United States, declaring the Paris accord “irreversible’’ while acknowledging President Trump’s decision to withdraw from the agreement.
In a final communiqué at the conclusion of the Group of 20 summit meeting in Hamburg, the nations took note of Trump’s decision to abandon the pact and “immediately cease’’ efforts to enact former President Barack Obama’s pledge of curbing greenhouse gas emissions 26 to 28 percent below 2005 levels by 2025.
But the other 19 members of the group broke explicitly with Trump in their embrace of the international deal, signing off on a detailed policy blueprint outlining how their countries could meet their goals in the pact.
The statement and the adoption of the G-20 Climate and Energy Action Plan for Growth ended three days of intense negotiations over how to characterize the world’s response to Trump’s decision to pull out of the Paris climate agreement, and it came as this year’s meeting of major world economies here laid bare the stark divide between the United States and the rest.
“This is a clear indication that the US has isolated itself on climate change once again, and is falling back while all other major economies step up and compete in the clean energy marketplace created by the Paris Agreement estimated to be worth over $20 trillion,’’ said Andrew Light, a senior climate change adviser at the State Department under Obama.
The climate statement takes note of the US decision to withdraw from the Paris accord and says the other countries nonetheless regard the deal as “irreversible.’’
It then nods toward fossil fuels, saying: “The United States of America states it will endeavor to work closely with other countries to help them access and use fossil fuels more cleanly and efficiently and help deploy renewable and other clean energy sources, given the importance of energy access and security in their nationally determined contributions.’’
Working overnight, diplomats first agreed on a common text on trade, with a nod toward Trump’s “America First’’ demands for restrictions on unfair trade, but had great difficulty on climate, with the Americans demanding a reference to the use of fossil fuels.
The trade section in the statement the aides hashed out read: “We will keep markets open noting the importance of reciprocal and mutually advantageous trade and investment frameworks and the principle of nondiscrimination, and continue to fight protectionism including all unfair trade practices and recognize the role of legitimate trade defense instruments in this regard.’’
Differences between the United States and other nations on climate, trade, and migration made for a tricky summit meeting, which unfolded amid large protests that sometimes turned violent, with several injured and demonstrators setting fire to cars and looting in the streets of the German city.
“Nothing’s easy,’’ Trump said of the gathering as he complimented its host, Chancellor Angela Merkel of Germany, who has toiled to bridge the gap between the United States and other nations, for handling the challenge “so professionally.’’
The wording on climate change in the communiqué represented a much-needed victory for Merkel, who played a major role in forging compromise language after France raised objections.
In most other respects, though, the summit meeting had to be a bitter disappointment for the chancellor. This summit meeting was always going to be primarily about Trump and his first meeting with President Vladimir Putin of Russia.
It has also been about efforts by most of the rest of the world to cajole Trump into softening his stances on global trade and the climate, with Merkel in a secondary role, trying to come up with compromises.
Her standing has also suffered as Germans have been shocked by violent protests by a small bloc of anarchists who saw the G-20 as a perfect platform for their rejection of capitalism and order.
The atmosphere around Hamburg has been that of an armed camp. Police arrested 143 people, and 122 activists were temporarily detained. Some 213 officers were injured since protests began Thursday.
Merkel expressly backed the 100,000 or so peaceful demonstrators who massed here in recent days and were marching Saturday.