LOUISVILLE, Ky. — Former US Senator Jim Bunning, a Hall of Fame pitcher who parlayed his sports fame into a political career as an uncompromising advocate for conservative causes, has died. He was 85.

Senator Bunning’s death Friday was confirmed by Jon ­Deuser, who served as chief of staff when the Kentucky Republican was in the Senate.

Senator Bunning, who won 224 games in a 17-year major-league career, mostly with the Detroit Tigers and the Philadelphia Phillies, pitched the first perfect game in modern National League history and became the first pitcher after 1900 to throw no-hitters in both the American and National Leagues.

Known as a no-nonsense pitcher who threw hard and knocked batters down when necessary, the big right-hander belonged to a rare group of major league pitchers to throw a perfect game in the modern era.

Senator Bunning is the last pitcher from an opposing team to throw a no-hitter at Fenway Park. On July 20, 1958, the Tigers beat the Red Sox, 3-0, as Senator Bunning struck out 12 and walked two.

He retired from baseball in 1971 and then carried his success to politics.

Senator Bunning served 12 years in the US House, followed by two terms in the Senate. He was a fierce protector of state interests such as tobacco, coal, and its military bases. Senator Bunning decided not to seek reelection to the Senate in 2010. Republican Rand Paul rode a tea party wave that year to win the seat.

His ornery nature prompted Republican leaders to push him to retire as a senator. As his political party soured on him, Senator Bunning pushed back. At one point, he threatened to sue the party’s national campaign arm if it backed a primary challenger. But in July 2009 he dropped his reelection bid, accusing his GOP colleagues of doing ‘‘everything in their power to dry up my fund-raising.’’

Senator Bunning suffered a stroke last fall. Deuser said Senator Bunning was in hospice care when he died.

Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, his longtime colleague from Kentucky, remembered Senator Bunning on Saturday as someone who led a ‘‘long and storied life.’’

‘‘From his days in the major leagues to his years as my colleague in the Senate — and the many points in between, from the City Council to the House of Representatives — Jim rarely shied away from a new adventure,’’ McConnell said in a statement. ‘‘This Hall of Famer will long be remembered for many things, including a perfect game, a larger-than-life personality, a passion for Kentucky and a loving family.’’

Senator Bunning’s competitive side also was evident during his political career. In February 2010, he single-handedly held up a $10 billion spending bill in Congress because it would add to the deficit.

‘‘The main qualities it takes for professional athletes and politicians is to have a very thick hide, a thick skin, and to be able to meet and greet people,’’ he said in July 2000.

Senator Bunning also used his political status to speak out about the game he loved.

He declared that athletes who use steroids should be kept out of the Baseball Hall of Fame and have their records nullified. He coauthored legislation calling for stiff punishment for professional athletes caught using steroids. The proposal, which sought a lifetime ban for a third positive test, would have applied to baseball, football, basketball, and hockey players.

Senator Bunning grew up in the northern Kentucky suburbs of Cincinnati and started in ­minor league baseball in 1950. He made it into the majors six years later. While spending most of his career with the Tigers and Phillies, he also had stints with the Pittsburgh Pirates and the Los Angeles Dodgers.

His career highlights included a no-hitter for the Tigers in 1958 and a perfect game for the Phillies in 1964. Senator Bunning went 20-8 with Detroit in 1957, his only 20-win season, but won 19 games four times, showing his consistency.

He was inducted into the Hall of Fame in 1996.

He also was a leading figure in the founding of the baseball players’ union.

Senator Bunning won a seat on the Fort Thomas City Council in 1977 and entered the state Senate two years later. He unsuccessfully ran for governor in 1983 but then won his House seat in 1986.

In 1998, he was elected to the Senate, taking the seat of the retiring Democratic Senator Wendell Ford. He defeated Democrat Scotty Baesler by a mere 6,766 votes.