NEW YORK — The outgoing CIA director charged Sunday that Donald Trump lacks a full understanding of the threat Moscow poses to the United States, delivering a public lecture to the president-elect that highlighted the bitter state of Trump’s relations with American intelligence agencies.

John Brennan’s pointed message on national television came just five days before Trump becomes the nation’s 45th president amid lingering questions about Russia’s role in the 2016 election even as the focus shifts to the challenges of governing.

‘‘Now that he’s going to have an opportunity to do something for our national security as opposed to talking and tweeting, he’s going to have tremendous responsibility to make sure that US and national security interests are protected,’’ Brennan said on ‘‘Fox News Sunday,’’ warning that the president-elect’s impulsivity could be dangerous.

‘‘Spontaneity is not something that protects national security interests,’’ Brennan declared.

Trump, who has unleashed a series of aggressive tweets against the US intelligence community and his political rivals in recent weeks, did not respond to Brennan’s criticism.

But later Sunday, he retweeted a journalist’s remark that the intelligence community owes Trump an apology for briefing him on a document that contains unverified financial and personal information that could be damaging to the president-elect.

‘‘Media should apologize also’’ for reporting on the document and the briefing, Trump wrote.

The president-elect remained behind closed doors in his Manhattan high-rise Sunday. His team worked to answer questions about his plans at home and abroad once he’s sworn into office Friday.

Among Trump’s immediate challenges: the United States’ complicated relationship with Russia, crafting an affordable health care alternative that doesn’t strip coverage from millions of Americans, and growing questions about the legitimacy of his presidency.

Civil rights legend Representative John Lewis of Georgia is among several Democrats in Congress who vowed to skip Trump’s inauguration, charging that Russian interference in the 2016 election delegitimizes his presidency.

‘‘There will be many more members who join us in this decision,’’ Representative Jared Huffman, a California Democrat, wrote Saturday on his Facebook page.

Trump’s lieutenants pushed back hard Sunday in a round of television interviews.

‘‘I think it’s incredibly disappointing, and I think it’s irresponsible for people like himself to question the legitimacy of the next United States president,’’ incoming White House chief of staff Reince Priebus said of Lewis on ABC’s ‘‘This Week.’’

Priebus said Republicans did not question the legitimacy of President Obama’s victory eight years ago.

Vice President-elect Mike Pence said on ‘‘Fox News Sunday’’ that he hopes Lewis will change his mind and attend.

Priebus later acknowledged that conservatives — led by Trump himself — spent years questioning Obama’s eligibility to serve as president, suggesting he was not born in the United States.

Trump has done little to encourage unity in recent days, instead inflaming tensions with his critics through a series of tweets. The incoming president tweeted Saturday that Lewis should pay more attention to his ‘‘crime ridden’’ Atlanta-area district, adding that the civil rights leader was ‘‘all talk.’’

Lewis suffered a fractured skull when he led a march in Selma, Ala., more than a half century ago and has devoted his life to civil rights.

The current White House chief of staff, Denis McDonough, said ‘‘Lewis has literally fought, bled, and gone to jail’’ during what he called his ‘‘remarkable life.’’ He encouraged the incoming president to move past Lewis’s criticism.

‘‘That would be the kind of thing that would not only send a message to the American people that we’re prepared to work together, but would also send a message to the Russians that we are united,’’ McDonough said on CNN’s ‘‘State of the Union.’’

Questions about Trump’s relationship with Russia have dominated the days leading up to his inauguration.

Retired General Michael Flynn, who is set to become Trump’s national security adviser, has been in frequent contact with Russia’s ambassador to the United States in recent weeks, including on the day the Obama administration hit Moscow with sanctions in retaliation for the alleged election hacking, a senior US official said.

After initially denying the contact took place, Trump’s team publicly acknowledged the conversations Sunday.

‘‘The conversations that took place at that time were not in any way related to the new US sanctions against Russia or the expulsion of diplomats,’’ Pence said in his Fox interview.

A dress rehearsal for the inaugural was held Sunday at the Capitol.

Sergeant Major Greg Lowery, a 53-year-old vocalist in the Army band, was a game stand-in for the soon-to-be 45th president, as were other band members given prominent roles. The goal was to practice events so everything goes off as flawlessly and on time at the actual swearing-in Friday.

Lowery, who said his role was to ‘‘look the part as much as possible,’’ said the substitutes were chosen primarily because they are as tall as the people they were playing. He bought a new red tie for the assignment, though he acknowledged it wasn’t Trump brand.