WASHINGTON — President Trump plans to confront other world leaders at a summit in Quebec on Friday over what he believes is a global economic system tilted against the United States, several people briefed on the plan said, escalating tensions with US allies who have expressed outrage at his pivot toward protectionism.

The summit will put Trump face to face with leaders he has antagonized on a range of issues, including the environment and the US withdrawal last month from the international nuclear accord with Iran.

But the two-day meeting of the Group of Seven, which will bring together many of the world’s leading economies in a picturesque Canadian mountain town, has crystallized into a showdown over trade after Trump’s recent insistence on new barriers the other nations see as petty and insulting.

Most of the other nations represented have a trade beef with Trump that is unlikely to be resolved at the summit — and for each of them the standoff is one more sign that the United States is pulling back from traditional global leadership roles.

‘‘The good news for him is the Mexicans won’t be there, so that is one less country that he has to deal with’’ over trade complaints, said William Reinsch, a trade specialist at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. ‘‘The others are all mad at him.’’

In a sign Trump is looking to stoke divisions, White House officials are discussing ways to impose additional economic penalties against Canada — the host nation for the summit — in retaliation for Ottawa’s threat to levy tariffs next month on roughly $13 billion in US-made products. Among Canada’s targets: orange juice, soy sauce, sleeping bags, and inflatable boats. But there are divergent views within the White House over how to treat Canada, with Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin urging both sides to de-escalate, two people close to the discussions said.

White House officials are also considering whether to have Trump refuse to sign onto a customary joint agreement at the end of the G-7 summit, one senior administration official said, as a signal that the old ways of doing business are over.

A meeting among G-7 finance ministers last weekend ended in rancor, with economic officials from the other six members issuing a rebuke of Washington. Unable to agree on a joint statement about the agenda ahead of this week’s summit, the other six economic deputies instead asked Mnuchin to relay to Trump their ‘‘unanimous concern and disappointment’’ over tariffs.

Trump’s decision to impose tariffs on steel and aluminum imports against Canada, Mexico. and members of the European Union last week enraged numerous world leaders, who felt they would be exempt based on months of ongoing negotiations with the administration.

‘‘The outrage I imagine is real outrage, but I don’t think Trump is going to blink because of their outrage,’’ said Dan DiMicco, a trade adviser to Trump during the campaign who also played a key role during the transition. ‘‘He is going to stand his ground because he knows what he’s doing is right.’’

The two-day meeting in Quebec will be the first opportunity for many heads of state to challenge the US leader in person following the imposition on metals imports.

Trump has said his new tariffs are necessary because US reliance on imports poses a national security threat to the United States. Along with the United States, the G-7 countries are Canada, Italy, France, Germany, Japan, and the United Kingdom — all of which would face the new penalties.

‘‘The idea that we are somehow a national security threat to the United States is quite frankly insulting and unacceptable,’’ Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said Sunday on NBC.

He added that Canada would impose retaliatory tariffs against American-made goods.

Trump has remained undeterred, focusing on imposing even more restrictions on imports unless other countries agree to make it easier for US producers to sell products overseas. In an effort to strengthen his hand, Trump has ordered Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross to launch an investigation into auto imports to determine whether they pose a national security risk.