ISTANBUL — President ­Recep Tayyip Erdogan of Turkey was sworn in Monday under a new governing system that grants him sweeping executive powers, which critics say give him far too much control.

Erdogan, a former Istanbul mayor, has been at the helm of Turkey since 2003 as prime minister and then the first directly elected president since 2014. Speaking at his sprawling presidential compound in Ankara, Erdogan unveiled the rebranded presidency ‘‘on this most important day of our country.’’

He won last month’s election with 52.9 percent of the vote, ushered in the executive presidency that ends parliamentary governance and boosts the powers of the formerly ceremonial presidency.

Erdogan said the executive presidency would put behind a ‘‘system that heavily cost our country through political, social, and economic chaos.’’

He argued that the new structure would bring stability and efficiency and is not forced but rather a sagacious choice “that history has led us to.’’ Turkey narrowly approved the executive presidency in a referendum last year.

Abolishing the post of prime minister, the president will now form the government, appoint ministers, vice presidents and high-level bureaucrats, issue decrees, and prepare the budget.

Parliament can reject his budget, and the president needs parliamentary approval for emergency rule and decrees passed during that time.

Critics say the new system could lead to one-man rule with limited checks and balances.

ASSOCIATED PRESS